BMB 601 Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance
Instructor: Ravinder Reddy Ph.D.
Time: Tu/Th, 2:00 – 3:30 p.m.
Location: MMRRCC Conference Room, B1 Stellar-Chance Laboratories.
This course introduces basic theoretical and experimental concepts of magnetic resonance and its applications in biochemistry, biology and medicine. Topics covered include description of the phenomenon of magnetic resonance, classical and quantum strategies to compute nuclear spin responses in liquids, solids and biological tissues, polarization transfer and multiple quantum effects and their applications in biomedicine. Nuclear spin relaxation in solid-state materials and in biological systems will be discussed. Concepts of magnetic resonance imaging, imaging strategies, image contrast, and diagnostic applications are discussed. The course includes several practicals dealing with the demonstration of NMR hardware and experiments to compute basic NMR parameters on high resolution and clinical MRI scanners.


Syllabus:
Date Topic References Class Notes and Homework
September 11 Orientation
September 16 Introduction to NMR A1, B1, B6, B8, B9, B17, B23 Intro to NMR
September 18 Class cancelled
September 23 Introduction to MATLAB for NMR techniques Intro to Matlab, Homework #1
September 25 Fourier Transform NMR A10, B20, B22, B23
September 30 The Bloch Equations A1, B1, B6, B8, B9, B17 Bloch Equations
October 2 Spin Echoes and Simple Pulse Experiments A2-5, A10, B1, B6-B9, B12, B17, B23 Homework #2
October 7 Relaxation -I A13, B1, B6, B7, B9, B12, B17, B23
October 9 Methods for Measuring Relaxation Times A4, A5, A13, B6, B7, B12, B17, B23
October 11-14 Fall Break
October 16 Practical I (Measurement of Relaxation Time) A13, B6, B7, B12, B17, B23
October 21 Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging A14, B2, B4, B5, B13, B18, B19, B21-B23 Handout
October 23 Practical II (MRI) A14, B4, B18, B21, B23
October 28 Chemical Exchange A9, B12, B17, B22, B23 Homework #2 Answers, Homework #3
October 30 Practical III (CE and J coupling) A9, B12, B17, B22, B23
November 4 Density Matrix A11, A12, B2, B5, B10, B11, B15, B17, B22, B23
November 6 Spin Interactions and Product Operators (rules) A11, A12, B2, B5, B10, B11, B15, B17, B22, B23
November 11 Spin Interaction I (J-and dipole-dipole coupling) A11, A12, B2, B5, B10, B11, B15, B17, B22, B23
November 13 Product Operators (Pulse Sequence Response) A11, A12, B2, B5, B10, B11, B15, B17, B22, B23
November 18 Relaxation II A9, A13, B1, B5, B16, B17, B22, B23
November 20 Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopy B3, B12, B17, B23
November 25 Polarization Transfer via J-coupling (INEPT & DEPT) A18, A19, B5, B7, B16, B17, B23
November 26-December 1 Thanksgiving
December 2 Polarization Transfer via Nuclear Overhauser Effect A6, A7, A8, A20, B1, B5, B10, B12, B16, B17, B23
December 4 NMR of Solids B1, B7, B9, B10, B14, B17, B23
December 9 Introduction to Multidimensional NMR A21, B2, B3, B5, B16, B17, B23
December 11 COSY and NOESY A21, B2, B3, B5, B16, B17, B23
December 16 Multiple quantum NMR A21, B2, B3, B5, B16, B17, B23


Reference Books:
B1. A. Abragam, Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1991.
B2. A. Bax, Two-Dimensional NMR in liquids, Dordrecht, Holland: Deft University Press, 1984.
B3. W.S. Brey, Pulse Methods in 1D and 2D Liquid-Phase NMR, edited by W.S. Brey, Academic Press, 1993.
B4. C.N. Chen, D.I. Hoult, Biomedical magnetic resonance technology, Adam Hilger, New York, 1989.
B5. R.R. Ernst, G. Bodenhausen, and A. Wokaun, Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in One and Two Dimensions, Clarendon Press, Oxford University, 1990.
B6. T.C. Farrar, E.D. Becker, Pulse and Fourier Transform NMR: Introduction to Theory and Methods, Academic Press, New York, 1971.
B7. Ray Freeman, A Hand Book of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Longman Scientific & Technical, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1988.
B8. E. Fukushima, S.B.W. Roeder, Experimental Pulse NMR: a Nuts and Bolts approach, Addison-Wesley, 1981.
B9. E. Fukushima, NMR in Biomedicine: the Physical basis, American Institute of Physics, New York, 1989 (collection of original articles).
B10. B.C. Gerstein and C.R. Dybowski, Transient Techniques in NMR of Solids: An Introduction to Theory and Practice, Academic Press, 1985.
B11. M. Goldman, Quantum Description of High-resolution NMR in Liquids, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990.
B12. R.K. Harris, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: A Physicochemical View, Longman Scientific & Technical, New York, 1986.
B13. P. Mansfield and P.G. Morris, NMR Imaging in Biomedicine, Academic Press, New York, 1982.
B14. M. Mehring, Principles of High Resolution NMR in Solids, 2nd Edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1983.
B15. M. Munowitz, Coherence and NMR, John Wiley, New York, 1988.
B16. D. Neuhaus, M. Williamson, The Nuclear Overhauser Effect: In Structural and Conformational Analysis, VCH, New York, 1989.
B17. C.P. Slichter, Principles of Magnetic Resonance, 3rd Edition, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1990.
B18. F.W. Werli, D. Shaw, J. Bruce Kneeland, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Principles, Methodology, and Applications, VCH, New York, 1988.
B19.
B20. R.N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transfer and its Application, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1978.
B21(A). R.H. Hashemi, W.G. Bradley, Jr. and C.J. Lisanti, MRI the Basics.
B21(B). M.A. Bernstein, K.F. King and X.J. Zhou, Handbook of MRI Pulse Sequences.
B22. K. Wuthrich, NMR of Proteins and Nucleic Acids, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1986.
B23. M.H.Levitt, Spin Dynamics, Basics of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, John Wiley & Sons, LTD, 2001.


Selected Original Articles:
A1. F. Bloch, "Nuclear Induction", Phys. Rev. 70: 460-474, 1946.
A2. E.L. Hahn, "Spin Echoes", Phys. Rev. 80: 580-594, 1950.
A3. E.L. Hahn, "Free Nuclear Induction", Physics Today 6: 4-9, 1953.
A4. H.Y. Carr and E.M. Purcell, "Effects of Diffusion on Free Precession in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments", Phys. Rev. 94: 630-638, 1954.
A5. S. Meiboom and D. Gill, "Modified Spin-Echo Method for Measuring Nuclear Relaxation Times", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 29: 688-691, 1958.
A6. A.W. Overhauser, "Paramagnetic Relaxation in Metals", Phys. Rev. 89: 689,1953.
A7. A.W. Overhauser, "Polarization of Nuclei in Metals", Phys. Rev. 92: 411, 1953.
A8. I. Solomon, "Relaxation Processes in a System of Two Spins", Phys. Rev. 99: 559, 1955.
A9. H. M. McConnell, "Reaction Rates by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance", J. Chem. Phys. 28: 430, 1958.
A10. R.R. Ernst and W. Anderson, "Application of Fourier Transform Spectroscopy to Magnetic Resonance", Rev. Sci. Instrum. 37: 93, 1966.
A11. U. Fano, "Description of States in Quantum Mechanics by Density Matrix and Operator Techniques", Rev. Mod. Phys. 29: 74, 1957.
A12. O.W. Sorenson, G.W. Eich, M.H. Levitt, J. Bodenhausen, R.R. Ernst, "Product Operator Formalism for the Description of NMR Pulse Experiments", Progress in NMR Spectroscopy 16: 163, 1983.
A13. N. Bloembergen, E. M. Purcell, R. V. Pound, "Relaxation Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Absorption", Phys. Rev. 73: 679-712, 1948.
A14. P. C., Lauterbur, "Image Formation by Induced Local Interactions: Examples Employing NuclearMagnetic Resonance", Nature 242: 190, 1973.
A15. W. G. Proctor and F. C. Yu, "The dependence of a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Frequency upon Chemical Compound", Phys Rev. 77:717, 1950.
A16. W. C. Dickinson, "Dependence of the F19 Nuclear Resonance Position on Chemical Compound", Phys. Rev. 77:736-737, 1950.
A17. N. F. Ramsey, Magnetic Shielding of Nuclei in Molecules, Phys. Rev. 78:699-703, 1950.
A18. G.A. Morris, R. Freeman, "Enhancement of nuclear magnetic resonance signals by polarization transfer", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, p. 760-762, 1979.
A19. D.M. Doddrell, D.T. Pegg, M.R. Bendall, "Distortionless Enhancement of NMR Signals by Polarization Transfer", J. Magn. Reson., 48, 323-327, 1982.
A20. K. Golman, J.H. Ardenkjaer-Larsen, J.S. Petersson, S. Mansson and I. Leunbach, "Molecular Imaging with Endogenous Substances", PNAS, Vol. 100, No. 18, 10435-10439, 2003.
A21. W.P. Aue, E. Bartholdi, and R.R. Ernst, "Two-dimensional Spectroscopy. Application to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance", J. Chem. Phys., Vol. 64, No. 5, 2229-2246, 1976.
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